THE CAVES

 

THE CAVES

DON’T BE AFRAID TO EXPLORE

BENEATH THE GROUND, There is a network of large holes, or caves. Caves are naturally occurring chambers, formed out of rock.

There are many different cave types, some housing hidden lakes and waterfalls; caverns are extensive networks of giant caves. some caves are no bigger than a cupboard, but others are huge.  The Sarawak Chamber in Malaysia is 700m (2296 ft) long and 50m (164 ft) high; the world’s biggest sports stadium, the Louisiana Superdome, could fit into it three times over. Damp and dark, caves have distinctive features, such as stalactites and stalagmites.

                                                                             SARAWAK CHAMBER

 

HOW A CAVE FORMS?

Most of the world’s biggest caves are formed by water trickling down through soluble rocks, such as limestone. The water widens joints or cracks by dissolving the rock. Rainwater is dilute carbonic acid and wears away the rocks, creating a cave.

 

CAVE FEATURES-

Formed over thousands of years, stalactites and stalagmites are found in caves.

Droplets of water partially evaporate to form calcium deposits (calcite); drips create hanging stalactites on the roof, and upright stalagmites where they fall to the floor. Spiralling drips form twisted helictites. Flowstone is solidified calcite on the cave floor or walls.

 


The biggest and most common cave systems are formed in carbonate rocks, such as dolomite and limestone, but small caves form in all kinds of rocks. Caves are found in many terrains, from the sea to glaciers, and can have different formations.

SEA CAVE –

Small caves from in sea cliffs; waves force water into cracks, blasting the rock apart. The hole may emerge as a below-hole on the cliff-top.

FISSURE CAVE –

The movement and force of an earthquake can create deep fissures, long, narrow openings, and caves.

ICE CAVE-

Greeny-blue tunnel caves form under glaciers after spring meltwater carves out passages under the ice.

LAVA CAVE-

Tunnel- like caves from in lava- surface layers harden, and molten lava flows underneath.

LIMESTONE CAVE –

Most caves form in limestones. This rock has many joints and its calcium content is vulnerable to the acid in rainwater.




" SEEK THE LIGHT 
FIND THE WAY "


THANK YOU 

RAMYA D





 

 

 

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